{"id":11066,"date":"2023-08-06T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-08-06T10:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/holistic.news\/en\/?p=11066"},"modified":"2023-09-04T18:05:27","modified_gmt":"2023-09-04T16:05:27","slug":"indifferent-or-responsible","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/holistic.news\/en\/indifferent-or-responsible\/","title":{"rendered":"Indifferent or Responsible?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>At first glance, the alternative presented in this article\u2019s title might appear too radical. However, phrasing the problem this way immediately illuminates opposing poles between which humanity can be positioned\u2014between them lies a spectrum of possibilities for human action. Sharpening the ethical perspective allows for close examination of human ethical behaviors. It seems that being responsible, both for oneself and also for others, is one of the key ethical challenges of the twenty-first century. For this reason, a closer examination of the ethical perspective of the philosopher Emmanuel L\u00e9vinas (1906-1995) can prove immensely beneficial for contemporary people. L\u00e9vinas advocates for renouncing violence in our interactions with fellow humans and embracing responsibility for others. This attitude doesn\u2019t necessarily entail significant costs and can contribute to cultivating a more humane world. What\u2019s more, it can guard us against the tragic escalation of evil people experienced in the twentieth century.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Czes\u0142aw Mi\u0142osz (1911\u20132004), the poet, essayist, and Nobel laureate, wrote that \u201cpeople live, relating indifferently to what matters most; this should sadden us \u2013 we do not know what exactly they fill their lives with.\u201d If we consider responsibility an alternative to human indifference, then we have to ask: what does this responsibility mean in practice, in our daily choices? What is the scope of our responsibility \u2013 in other words, what, for whom, and to what extent can we be held accountable? Is it a matter of personal choice, moral duty, or perhaps an ethical obligation?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Read also:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-holistic-news wp-block-embed-holistic-news\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"Lpwl2A6kwo\"><a href=\"https:\/\/holistic.news\/en\/from-solitude-to-loneliness-examining-the-contemporary-human-condition\/\">From Solitude to Loneliness: Examining the Contemporary Human Condition<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;From Solitude to Loneliness: Examining the Contemporary Human Condition&#8221; &#8212; Holistic News\" src=\"https:\/\/holistic.news\/en\/from-solitude-to-loneliness-examining-the-contemporary-human-condition\/embed\/#?secret=QA7Vtbwv7S#?secret=Lpwl2A6kwo\" data-secret=\"Lpwl2A6kwo\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Most of us may respond that as every individual is inherently free, each person determines their own life and makes their own choices. The logical consequence of this stance is the declaration that each individual can only be personally responsible since we don\u2019t walk in other people&#8217;s shoes and don\u2019t decide for them. Let them manage on their own, bearing the consequences of their actions. This implies that we can\u2019t hold responsibility for others and their mistakes. However, Joseph Conrad (1857\u20131924), the novelist and essayist, describes this approach to fellow humans thus: \u201cThe symptom of my disease was indifference. I developed a progressive paralysis of the heart, soul, and mind, a hopeless view of the world.\u201d In other words, Conrad expresses a certain state of detachment, insensitivity, and ultimately of indifference to the fate of others, a consequence of such an attitude.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It\u2019s crucial to acknowledge that none of us lives in isolation or is detached from relations with other people. Each of us participates in some way in a smaller or larger community, each of us is a part of a greater whole. This could be a family, a circle of friends, a work team, or neighborhood acquaintances. We are constituents of a larger society; we work both for ourselves and for the state in which we live and pay taxes. We belong to a greater whole, placing us within a specific cultural framework that defines our identity. None of us is a lone island in the middle of the ocean, and this implies certain obligations towards others.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Since we function daily among other people, coexisting with them, collectively building something together, this engenders relations and bonds between us. That entails responsibilities, especially or perhaps most importantly towards people we interact with daily. It seems evident that our human duty involves caring for our well-being along with being sensitive to others\u2019 needs, struggles, and problems. Humanism in practice signifies nothing more and nothing less than concern for the needs, happiness, dignity, and development of each of us. In this context, the matter of responsibility emerges as a crucial task.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"574\" src=\"https:\/\/holistic.news\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Holistic_News_man_engaged_in_responsible_activities_for_his_loc_577275e5-29b5-4e43-8262-568bf6def29e-1024x574.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8794\" srcset=\"https:\/\/holistic.news\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Holistic_News_man_engaged_in_responsible_activities_for_his_loc_577275e5-29b5-4e43-8262-568bf6def29e-1024x574.png 1024w, https:\/\/holistic.news\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Holistic_News_man_engaged_in_responsible_activities_for_his_loc_577275e5-29b5-4e43-8262-568bf6def29e-300x168.png 300w, https:\/\/holistic.news\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Holistic_News_man_engaged_in_responsible_activities_for_his_loc_577275e5-29b5-4e43-8262-568bf6def29e-768x430.png 768w, https:\/\/holistic.news\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Holistic_News_man_engaged_in_responsible_activities_for_his_loc_577275e5-29b5-4e43-8262-568bf6def29e.png 1456w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Midjourney \/ Maciej Kochanowski<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Formal vs. Moral Responsibility&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>What is our current understanding of responsibility? It\u2019s important to recognize that the term \u201cresponsibility\u201d encompasses multiple meanings. It refers both to an individual&#8217;s internal experiences and to their diverse connections with the external world and themselves. We can discern formal responsibility, which entails the adult duty to be familiar with legal regulations and, consequently, to be held accountable for their operations. However, this legal and formal awareness unveils a deeper dimension of responsibility. That responsibility, in practice, serves to safeguard specific values. It is closely linked to our principles and priorities and to guiding principles we cherish and thus desire to protect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This approach demonstrates that significant experiences in our lives, such as success, happiness, joy, as well as failure, sorrow, and suffering, concern us but also impact other people, especially those close to us, in one way or another. Therefore, if I feel responsible for myself, my actions, decisions, and choices, I must also acknowledge that the same activities undertaken by someone close to me can\u2019t leave me indifferent. Otherwise, I risk falling into a \u201cspiritual coma,\u201d as expressed by the eminent writer Nikolai Gogol (1809\u20131852): total ethical insensitivity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For many contemporary thinkers, particularly those impacted by the stigma of the Second World War, the issue of responsibility for others emerges as crucial ethical matter. Existentialists including Jean-Paul Sartre (1905\u20131980) and Albert Camus (1913\u20131960), and philosophers of dialogue and relations of Jewish origin from L\u00e9vinas and Hans Jonas (1903\u20131993), all identify responsibility as the foundation of human existence. According to them, being human means being responsible for my neighbor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>How does responsibility play such a decisive role in defining one&#8217;s humanity? Where do the boundaries of my responsibility begin and end? For what and for whom can and should I feel responsible, and what lies beyond my discernment? L\u00e9vinas appears to provide the most comprehensive answers to these questions, presenting certain timeless, cross-cultural, and trans-religious aspects of responsibility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>We\u2019re All Responsible for Others&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>According to L\u00e9vinas, indifference towards another human being led to the tragedy of the Second World War, particularly the persecution of the Jewish people, culminating in the Holocaust. Each of us bears some level of responsibility for others because we are humans, representing the same species, living together, building relationships. This puts us under obligations. A mindset along the lines of \u201cit doesn\u2019t concern me,\u201d \u201cit\u2019s happening far from me,\u201d or \u201dmy loved ones aren\u2019t involved\u201d leaves the door open to ideologies of exclusion, persecution, and extermination. In the view of L\u00e9vinas, besides political and economic interests, it was ordinary human indifference that proved crucial to wartime tragedy. This same ethical intuition was expressed by the writer Zofia Na\u0142kowska (1884\u20131954), who famously wrote in her war novel Medallions (1946) that \u201cPeople doomed people to this fate.\u201d L\u00e9vinas, in formulating his theory of responsibility for others, for every human being, sends a warning to future generations: every crime begins with indifference, with turning a blind eye, with passing by without reacting. It begins with \u201cit&#8217;s not my problem,\u201d \u201cI don&#8217;t want to interfere in others&#8217; affairs,\u201d and \u201cmaybe somebody else will react.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u00e9vinas encourages the reader to be compassionate when encountering the other\u2019s face, who often silently pleads for help, support, and basic human compassion in distress and misfortune. L\u00e9vinas employs the metaphor of \u201cthe Widow, the Orphan, and the Stranger,\u201d embodying the condition of a human lost, abandoned, and lonely, in need of support. Can we detect one of those three figures in the other\u2019s face? For they appeal to our sense of responsibility. We can often help in simple ways. The stranger, lost in an unknown country, asks for directions, and all it takes is to point in the right direction. The widow \u2013 forsaken and wounded by life \u2013 implores for a human gesture of support, tenderness, and sensitivity. The orphan \u2013 the epitome of loneliness and abandonment \u2013 yearns for closeness and solace. Sometimes it takes very little to feel responsible for our fellow beings and to offer them the strength and assistance they need.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u00e9vinas&#8217;s ethics may sound controversial, it may be opposed by some people due to its radical and absolutist tone. Why should I be ready to help every individual I encounter? Is it even feasible? The metaphorical language L\u00e9vinas employed may also be troublesome. However, when examined with an unbiased attitude today, his message appears profoundly significant. When L\u00e9vinas writes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>The first word of the face is \u201cThou shalt not kill.\u201d It is an order. There is a commandment in the appearance of the face, as if a master spoke to me. Yet, at the same time, the face of the other remains naked: he is a pauper, to whom I owe everything and for whom I am fully responsible. And whoever I may be, as the \u201cfirst person,\u201d I am the one who can respond to the appeal [&#8230;]<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>he encapsulates in these words the call for responsibility directed to humanity in the twenty-first century.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u201cThou shalt not kill\u201d: The Appeal for Responsibility&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>What then, regarding L\u00e9vinas&#8217;s words, is the difference today between indifference and responsibility? If we agree with him that the face of the person we encounter speaks to us, the injunction \u201cThou shall not kill,\u201d understood metaphorically, signifies a prohibition against violence. Killing can occur in various ways, not just through physical actions but also through words and gestures. In today&#8217;s world, we possess ample knowledge about verbal and nonverbal violence. L\u00e9vinas also regards indifference as a kind of violence \u2013 a lack of reaction, that which otherwise could bring some change or improvement. Employing his metaphor, if we accept his notion that the face of another human being reveals someone vulnerable and in need, it becomes understandable how I can become a \u201cmaster\u201d for him. Offering help, support, and sometimes mere understanding makes me a \u201cmaster\u201d of responsibility in an ethical sense. The question is: do I want to? Am I capable of it? Can I afford self-sacrifice, relinquishing part of myself, my time, attention, and focus, which otherwise I could devote to myself yet in this particular situation I choose to dedicate to another human being?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u00e9vinas&#8217;s ethical perspective conveys a vital message to contemporary individuals: the sense of responsibility for others doesn\u2019t need to entail significant sacrifices. Often, it involves minor words and gestures, a willingness to listen, to show empathy, and to show interest in others. At other times, this responsibility can demand more from me: sacrificing my time, giving up personal pleasures, or altering my plans. Yet it is in these instances that our humanitas \u2013 our concern and commitment to others\u2019 well-being \u2013 are truly put to the test.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sources:&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Antoine de Saint Exup\u00e9ry, <em>Wind, Sand and Stars<\/em>, 2017&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Joseph Conrad, <em>Under Western Eyes<\/em>, 2017&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Czes\u0142aw Mi\u0142osz, <em>The Issa Valley<\/em>, 2009&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nikolai Gogol, <em>Dead Souls<\/em>, 2014&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zofia Na\u0142kowska, <em>Medallions<\/em>, 2010&nbsp;Emmanuel L\u00e9vinas, <em>Ethics and Infinity: Conversations with Philippe Nemo<\/em>, 1991<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Antoine de Saint-Exup\u00e9ry (1900\u20131944), the French writer and poet, once wrote: \u201cTo be a man is, precisely, to be responsible.\u201d With this statement, he emphatically highlighted the connection between being human and the responsibility we either embrace or abandon. Saint-Exup\u00e9ry emphasized the link between humanity, referred to in Greek as humanitas, and our capacity and readiness to respond to our fellow humans. It is essential to recognize that the term \u201cresponsibility\u201d clearly derives from the verb \u201crespond.\u201d To what extent are we truly aware of and comprehending of this relationship? After all, it indicates the direction of ethical conduct towards others.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":234,"featured_media":8791,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[434],"tags":[649,616,615,617],"class_list":["post-11066","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-humanism","tag-community","tag-philosophy","tag-responsibility","tag-stance"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Indifferent or Responsible? - Holistic News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Antoine de Saint-Exup\u00e9ry, the French writer and poet, once wrote: \u201cTo be a man is, precisely, to be responsible.\u201d What does it mean today?\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/holistic.news\/en\/indifferent-or-responsible\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Indifferent or Responsible? 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