{"id":14934,"date":"2025-10-11T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-10-11T06:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/holistic.news\/en\/?p=14934"},"modified":"2025-10-08T10:32:09","modified_gmt":"2025-10-08T08:32:09","slug":"language-and-morality-how-l2-shifts-moral-choices","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/holistic.news\/en\/language-and-morality-how-l2-shifts-moral-choices\/","title":{"rendered":"Does Morality Depend on the Language We Speak? Unambiguous Research Results"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Native Language is Less Rational<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Imagine a dilemma: would you sacrifice one innocent person to save five other, equally innocent people? It turns out that the answer depends on <strong>which language<\/strong> posed the question. The language you think in can influence your morality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Researchers from universities in Spain and Cyprus<a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/13670069221134193#con1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\"> analyzed<\/a> the reactions of over 740 bilingual individuals to this moral dilemma. The results were shocking. When answering in their native language, people <strong>more often rejected<\/strong> <strong>the possibility of sacrificing an innocent person<\/strong>, guided by emotions and moral principles. When researchers asked the same question in their second language, they chose the &#8220;rational&#8221; solution that saved more people.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>&#8220;I cannot kill a man&#8221;<\/em> or <em>&#8220;That would be murder; I would become a killer<\/em>&#8220;\u2014this is how participants argued in <strong>their native Spanish<\/strong>. <strong>However, the same subjects, answering in English<\/strong>, said: <em>&#8220;I don\u2019t want to be a passive killer&#8221;<\/em> or <em>&#8220;Allowing mass death is unacceptable.<\/em>&#8221; Why this difference?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How We Learn Our Native Language<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The difference lies in how we learn languages. We acquire our <strong>native language<\/strong> (L1) during childhood in an <strong>emotionally charged family environment<\/strong>. Conversely, we typically acquire a second language (L2) in school or on courses in a neutral atmosphere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This makes L1 automatically trigger <strong>stronger emotional reactions<\/strong>, which translates into moral decisions based on values and conscience. L2 allows for <strong>emotional distance<\/strong> and &#8220;cold&#8221; thinking. Nevertheless, exceptions exist. When researchers tested Greek- and English-speaking Cypriots, the differences disappeared. Why? English is widespread in Cyprus; people use it daily in education and tourism. This intense exposure to L2 changes its emotional significance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We also prefer talking about different things in different languages. Researchers noticed that in their native speech, <strong>it was easier to talk about guilt or emotions<\/strong>. Participants used richer emotional vocabulary then, expressing fear and disappointment more often. Meanwhile, they preferred discussing taboo topics\u2014infidelity, sexual orientation, or death\u2014in their second language. L2 <strong>creates emotional distance<\/strong>, allowing for more direct expression.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Worth reading: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/holistic.news\/en\/tourism-in-amsterdam-locals-sue-over-overtourism\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Amsterdam at breaking point: residents take overtourism to court<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Moral Choices May Depend on Language and Morality<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>These discoveries hold enormous significance for advertising, marketing, and, most importantly, for multilingual societies. Will a judge issuing a verdict in a second language <strong>make the same decision as in their native one<\/strong>? Does an immigrant handling official matters in a foreign language have an equal chance of fair treatment?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2020, <strong>Polish psychologist Micha\u0142 Bia\u0142ek<\/strong> reached similar conclusions to the Spanish-Cypriot team. According to his <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0022103119300599?via%3Dihub\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">research<\/a>, when people describe a problem in a foreign language, we tend to choose <strong>more rational solutions<\/strong>.<strong> Meanwhile, the native language causes us to pay greater attention to the moral aspect of the decision.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The research clearly shows the problem&#8217;s complexity. Our moral choices depend not only on the language, but also on the intensity of contact with L2, the type of dilemma, and<strong> even the specific words used in the question<\/strong>. In an era of globalization, where millions of people make important daily decisions in non-native languages, understanding how <strong>language and morality<\/strong> connect becomes crucial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Read this article in Polish:<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/holistic.news\/w-obcym-jezyku-latwiej-nam-krzywdzic-psycholodzy-maja-odpowiedz\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Czy\u00a0moralno\u015b\u0107 zale\u017cy od\u00a0j\u0119zyka, w\u00a0kt\u00f3rym\u00a0m\u00f3wimy? Jednoznaczne wyniki bada\u0144<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The same person, the same decision to make, but the question posed in two different languages. As a result, researchers from various countries received two contradictory answers concerning someone else&#8217;s life and death. The latest studies show that a non-native language can suppress empathy and trigger cold calculation\u2014a fascinating link between language and morality.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":275,"featured_media":14935,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[435],"tags":[1607,1913,1912,1457,1911,798,1417],"class_list":["post-14934","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science","tag-cognitive-bias","tag-ethics-in-globalization","tag-foreign-language-effect","tag-language","tag-language-and-morality","tag-psychology","tag-research"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Language and morality: second language shifts choices<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Language and morality: bilingual studies show L2 can dampen empathy and tilt choices toward utilitarian outcomes; exposure and framing matter.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/holistic.news\/en\/language-and-morality-how-l2-shifts-moral-choices\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Language and morality: second language shifts choices\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Language and morality: bilingual studies show L2 can dampen empathy and tilt choices toward utilitarian outcomes; exposure and framing matter.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/holistic.news\/en\/language-and-morality-how-l2-shifts-moral-choices\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Holistic News\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/portalHolisticNews\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-10-11T06:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/holistic.news\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/language-and-morality.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1280\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"853\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Maciej Bartusik\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@news_holistic\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@news_holistic\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Maciej Bartusik\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/holistic.news\\\/en\\\/language-and-morality-how-l2-shifts-moral-choices\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/holistic.news\\\/en\\\/language-and-morality-how-l2-shifts-moral-choices\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Maciej Bartusik\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/holistic.news\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0758fb0cf338b71ce51e2da415bc266c\"},\"headline\":\"Does Morality Depend on the Language We Speak? 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